PHP -Operatoren
PHP-Operatoren
Operatoren werden verwendet, um Operationen an Variablen und Werten auszuführen.
PHP teilt die Operatoren in folgende Gruppen ein:
- Rechenzeichen
- Zuweisungsoperatoren
- Vergleichsoperatoren
- Inkrement/Dekrement-Operatoren
- Logische Operatoren
- String-Operatoren
- Array-Operatoren
- Bedingte Zuweisungsoperatoren
Arithmetische PHP-Operatoren
Die PHP-Arithmetikoperatoren werden mit numerischen Werten verwendet, um allgemeine arithmetische Operationen wie Addition, Subtraktion, Multiplikation usw.
| Operator | Name | Example | Result | Show it |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| + | Addition | $x + $y | Sum of $x and $y | |
| - | Subtraction | $x - $y | Difference of $x and $y | |
| * | Multiplication | $x * $y | Product of $x and $y | |
| / | Division | $x / $y | Quotient of $x and $y | |
| % | Modulus | $x % $y | Remainder of $x divided by $y | |
| ** | Exponentiation | $x ** $y | Result of raising $x to the $y'th power |
PHP-Zuweisungsoperatoren
Die PHP-Zuweisungsoperatoren werden mit numerischen Werten verwendet, um einen Wert in eine Variable zu schreiben.
Der grundlegende Zuweisungsoperator in PHP ist "=". Das bedeutet, dass der linke Operand auf den Wert des rechten Zuweisungsausdrucks gesetzt wird.
| Assignment | Same as... | Description | Show it |
|---|---|---|---|
| x = y | x = y | The left operand gets set to the value of the expression on the right | |
| x += y | x = x + y | Addition | |
| x -= y | x = x - y | Subtraction | |
| x *= y | x = x * y | Multiplication | |
| x /= y | x = x / y | Division | |
| x %= y | x = x % y | Modulus |
PHP-Vergleichsoperatoren
Die PHP-Vergleichsoperatoren werden verwendet, um zwei Werte (Zahl oder Zeichenfolge) zu vergleichen:
| Operator | Name | Example | Result | Show it |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| == | Equal | $x == $y | Returns true if $x is equal to $y | |
| === | Identical | $x === $y | Returns true if $x is equal to $y, and they are of the same type | |
| != | Not equal | $x != $y | Returns true if $x is not equal to $y | |
| <> | Not equal | $x <> $y | Returns true if $x is not equal to $y | |
| !== | Not identical | $x !== $y | Returns true if $x is not equal to $y, or they are not of the same type | |
| > | Greater than | $x > $y | Returns true if $x is greater than $y | |
| < | Less than | $x < $y | Returns true if $x is less than $y | |
| >= | Greater than or equal to | $x >= $y | Returns true if $x is greater than or equal to $y | |
| <= | Less than or equal to | $x <= $y | Returns true if $x is less than or equal to $y | |
| <=> | Spaceship | $x <=> $y | Returns an integer less than, equal to, or greater than zero, depending on if $x is less than, equal to, or greater than $y. Introduced in PHP 7. |
PHP-Inkrement-/Dekrement-Operatoren
Die PHP-Inkrementoperatoren werden verwendet, um den Wert einer Variablen zu erhöhen.
Die PHP-Dekrementoperatoren werden verwendet, um den Wert einer Variablen zu dekrementieren.
| Operator | Name | Description | Show it |
|---|---|---|---|
| ++$x | Pre-increment | Increments $x by one, then returns $x | |
| $x++ | Post-increment | Returns $x, then increments $x by one | |
| --$x | Pre-decrement | Decrements $x by one, then returns $x | |
| $x-- | Post-decrement | Returns $x, then decrements $x by one |
Logische PHP-Operatoren
Die logischen PHP-Operatoren werden verwendet, um bedingte Anweisungen zu kombinieren.
| Operator | Name | Example | Result | Show it |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| and | And | $x and $y | True if both $x and $y are true | |
| or | Or | $x or $y | True if either $x or $y is true | |
| xor | Xor | $x xor $y | True if either $x or $y is true, but not both | |
| && | And | $x && $y | True if both $x and $y are true | |
| || | Or | $x || $y | True if either $x or $y is true | |
| ! | Not | !$x | True if $x is not true |
PHP-String-Operatoren
PHP hat zwei Operatoren, die speziell für Strings entwickelt wurden.
| Operator | Name | Example | Result | Show it |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Concatenation | $txt1 . $txt2 | Concatenation of $txt1 and $txt2 | |
| .= | Concatenation assignment | $txt1 .= $txt2 | Appends $txt2 to $txt1 |
PHP-Array-Operatoren
Die PHP-Array-Operatoren werden verwendet, um Arrays zu vergleichen.
| Operator | Name | Example | Result | Show it |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| + | Union | $x + $y | Union of $x and $y | |
| == | Equality | $x == $y | Returns true if $x and $y have the same key/value pairs | |
| === | Identity | $x === $y | Returns true if $x and $y have the same key/value pairs in the same order and of the same types | |
| != | Inequality | $x != $y | Returns true if $x is not equal to $y | |
| <> | Inequality | $x <> $y | Returns true if $x is not equal to $y | |
| !== | Non-identity | $x !== $y | Returns true if $x is not identical to $y |
Bedingte PHP-Zuweisungsoperatoren
Die bedingten Zuweisungsoperatoren von PHP werden verwendet, um einen Wert in Abhängigkeit von Bedingungen festzulegen:
| Operator | Name | Example | Result | Show it |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ?: | Ternary | $x = expr1 ? expr2 : expr3 | Returns the value of $x. The value of $x is expr2 if expr1 = TRUE. The value of $x is expr3 if expr1 = FALSE |
|
| ?? | Null coalescing | $x = expr1 ?? expr2 | Returns the value of $x. The value of $x is expr1 if expr1 exists, and is not NULL. If expr1 does not exist, or is NULL, the value of $x is expr2. Introduced in PHP 7 |