XML -Tutorial

XML-HOME XML-Einführung XML-Wie zu verwenden XML-Baum XML-Syntax XML-Elemente XML-Attribute XML-Namespaces XML-Anzeige XML-HttpRequest XML-Parser XML-DOM XML-XPath XML-XSLT XML-XQuery XML-XLink XML-Validator XML-DTD XML-Schema XML-Server XML-Beispiele XML-Quiz XML-Zertifikat

XML-AJAX

AJAX-Einführung AJAX-XMLHttp AJAX-Anfrage AJAX-Antwort AJAX-XML-Datei AJAX-PHP AJAX ASP AJAX-Datenbank AJAX-Anwendungen AJAX-Beispiele

XML-DOM

DOM-Einführung DOM-Knoten DOM-Zugriff DOM-Knoten-Info DOM-Knotenliste DOM-Traversierung DOM-Navigation DOM Get-Werte DOM-Änderungsknoten DOM-Knoten entfernen DOM-Ersetzungsknoten DOM-Knoten erstellen DOM-Knoten hinzufügen DOM-Klonknoten DOM-Beispiele

XPath -Tutorial

XPath-Einführung XPath-Knoten XPath-Syntax XPath-Achsen XPath-Operatoren XPath-Beispiele

XSLT -Tutorial

XSLT-Einführung XSL-Sprachen XSLT-Transformation XSLT <Vorlage> XSLT <Wert von> XSLT <für-jeden> XSLT <sortieren> XSLT <wenn> XSLT <auswählen> XSLT anwenden XSLT auf dem Client XSLT auf dem Server XSLT XML bearbeiten XSLT-Beispiele

XQuery- Tutorial

XQuery-Einführung XQuery-Beispiel XQuery FLWOR XQuery-HTML XQuery-Bedingungen XQuery-Syntax XQuery hinzufügen XQuery-Auswahl XQuery-Funktionen

XML -DTD

DTD-Einführung DTD-Bausteine DTD-Elemente DTD-Attribute DTD-Elemente vs. Attr DTD-Entitäten DTD-Beispiele

XSD- Schema

XSD-Einführung XSD-Anleitung XSD <Schema> XSD-Elemente XSD-Attribute XSD-Einschränkungen

XSD- Komplex

XSD-Elemente XSD leer Nur XSD-Elemente Nur XSD-Text XSD gemischt XSD-Indikatoren XSD <beliebig> XSD <beliebiges Attribut> XSD-Ersetzung XSD-Beispiel

XSD -Daten

XSD-String XSD-Datum XSD Numerisch XSD Sonstiges XSD-Referenz

Webdienste _

XML-Dienste XML-WSDL XML-SOAP XML-RDF XML-RSS

Verweise

DOM-Knotentypen DOM-Knoten DOM-Knotenliste DOM NamedNodeMap DOM-Dokument DOM-Element DOM-Attribut DOM-Text DOM-CDATA DOM-Kommentar DOM-XMLHttpRequest DOM-Parser XSLT-Elemente XSLT/XPath-Funktionen

XSLT-, XPath- und XQuery- Funktionen


XSLT 2.0, XPath 2.0 und XQuery 1.0 nutzen dieselbe Funktionsbibliothek.


Funktionsreferenz

Das Standardpräfix für den Funktionsnamensraum ist fn:
Der URI des Funktionsnamensraums lautet: http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions

Tipp: Funktionen werden häufig mit dem Präfix fn: aufgerufen, z. B. fn:string(). Da jedoch fn: das Standardpräfix des Namensraums ist, müssen die Funktionsnamen beim Aufruf nicht vorangestellt werden.

Accessor-Funktionen

Name Description
fn:node-name(node) Returns the node-name of the argument node
fn:nilled(node) Returns a Boolean value indicating whether the argument node is nilled
fn:data(item.item,...) Takes a sequence of items and returns a sequence of atomic values
fn:base-uri()
fn:base-uri(node)
Returns the value of the base-uri property of the current or specified node
fn:document-uri(node) Returns the value of the document-uri property for the specified node

Fehler- und Ablaufverfolgungsfunktionen

Name Description
fn:error()
fn:error(error)
fn:error(error,description)
fn:error(error,description,error-object)
Example: error(fn:QName('http://example.com/test', 'err:toohigh'), 'Error: Price is too high')

Result: Returns http://example.com/test#toohigh and the string "Error: Price is too high" to the external processing environment

fn:trace(value,label) Used to debug queries


Funktionen für numerische Werte

Name Description
fn:number(arg) Returns the numeric value of the argument. The argument could be a boolean, string, or node-set

Example: number('100')
Result: 100

fn:abs(num) Returns the absolute value of the argument

Example: abs(3.14)
Result: 3.14

Example: abs(-3.14)
Result: 3.14

fn:ceiling(num) Returns the smallest integer that is greater than the number argument

Example: ceiling(3.14)
Result: 4

fn:floor(num) Returns the largest integer that is not greater than the number argument

Example: floor(3.14)
Result: 3

fn:round(num) Rounds the number argument to the nearest integer

Example: round(3.14)
Result: 3

fn:round-half-to-even() Example: round-half-to-even(0.5)
Result: 0

Example: round-half-to-even(1.5)
Result: 2

Example: round-half-to-even(2.5)
Result: 2

Funktionen für Strings

Name Description
fn:string(arg) Returns the string value of the argument. The argument could be a number, boolean, or node-set

Example: string(314)
Result: "314"

fn:codepoints-to-string((int,int,...)) Creates a string from a sequence of the Unicode Standard code points

Example: codepoints-to-string((84, 104, 233, 114, 232, 115, 101))
Result: 'Thérèse'

fn:string-to-codepoints(string) Returns the sequence of the Unicode standard code points from a string

Example: string-to-codepoints("Thérèse")
Result: (84, 104, 233, 114, 232, 115, 101)

fn:codepoint-equal(comp1,comp2) Returns true if the value of comp1 is equal to the value of comp2, according to the Unicode code point collation (http://www.w3.org/2005/02/xpath-functions/collation/codepoint), otherwise it returns false
fn:compare(comp1,comp2)
fn:compare(comp1,comp2,collation)
Returns -1 if comp1 is less than comp2, 0 if comp1 is equal to comp2, or 1 if comp1 is greater than comp2 (according to the rules of the collation that is used)

Example: compare('ghi', 'ghi')
Result: 0

fn:concat(string,string,...) Returns the concatenation of the strings

Example: concat('XPath ','is ','FUN!')
Result: 'XPath is FUN!'

fn:string-join((string,string,...),sep) Returns a string created by concatenating the string arguments and using the sep argument as the separator

Example: string-join(('We', 'are', 'having', 'fun!'), ' ')
Result: ' We are having fun! '

Example: string-join(('We', 'are', 'having', 'fun!'))
Result: 'Wearehavingfun!'

Example:string-join((), 'sep')
Result: ''

fn:substring(string,start,len)
fn:substring(string,start)
Returns the substring from the start position to the specified length. Index of the first character is 1. If length is omitted it returns the substring from the start position to the end

Example: substring('Beatles',1,4)
Result: 'Beat'

Example: substring('Beatles',2)
Result: 'eatles'

fn:string-length(string)
fn:string-length()
Returns the length of the specified string. If there is no string argument it returns the length of the string value of the current node

Example: string-length('Beatles')
Result: 7

fn:normalize-space(string)
fn:normalize-space()
Removes leading and trailing spaces from the specified string, and replaces all internal sequences of white space with one and returns the result. If there is no string argument it does the same on the current node

Example: normalize-space(' The   XML ')
Result: 'The XML'

fn:normalize-unicode()  
fn:upper-case(string) Converts the string argument to upper-case

Example: upper-case('The XML')
Result: 'THE XML'

fn:lower-case(string) Converts the string argument to lower-case

Example: lower-case('The XML')
Result: 'the xml'

fn:translate(string1,string2,string3) Converts string1 by replacing the characters in string2 with the characters in string3

Example: translate('12:30','30','45')
Result: '12:45'

Example: translate('12:30','03','54')
Result: '12:45'

Example: translate('12:30','0123','abcd')
Result: 'bc:da'

fn:escape-uri(stringURI,esc-res) Example: escape-uri("http://example.com/test#car", true())
Result: "http%3A%2F%2Fexample.com%2Ftest#car"

Example: escape-uri("http://example.com/test#car", false())
Result: "http://example.com/test#car"

Example: escape-uri ("http://example.com/~bébé", false())
Result: "http://example.com/~b%C3%A9b%C3%A9"

fn:contains(string1,string2) Returns true if string1 contains string2, otherwise it returns false

Example: contains('XML','XM')
Result: true

fn:starts-with(string1,string2) Returns true if string1 starts with string2, otherwise it returns false

Example: starts-with('XML','X')
Result: true

fn:ends-with(string1,string2) Returns true if string1 ends with string2, otherwise it returns false

Example: ends-with('XML','X')
Result: false

fn:substring-before(string1,string2) Returns the start of string1 before string2 occurs in it

Example: substring-before('12/10','/')
Result: '12'

fn:substring-after(string1,string2) Returns the remainder of string1 after string2 occurs in it

Example: substring-after('12/10','/')
Result: '10'

fn:matches(string,pattern) Returns true if the string argument matches the pattern, otherwise, it returns false

Example: matches("Merano", "ran")
Result: true

fn:replace(string,pattern,replace) Returns a string that is created by replacing the given pattern with the replace argument

Example: replace("Bella Italia", "l", "*")
Result: 'Be**a Ita*ia'

Example: replace("Bella Italia", "l", "")
Result: 'Bea Itaia'

fn:tokenize(string,pattern) Example: tokenize("XPath is fun", "\s+")
Result: ("XPath", "is", "fun")

Funktionen für AnyURI

Name Description
fn:resolve-uri(relative,base)  

Funktionen für boolesche Werte

Name Description
fn:boolean(arg) Returns a boolean value for a number, string, or node-set
fn:not(arg) The argument is first reduced to a boolean value by applying the boolean() function. Returns true if the boolean value is false, and false if the boolean value is true

Example: not(true())
Result: false

fn:true() Returns the boolean value true

Example: true()
Result: true

fn:false() Returns the boolean value false

Example: false()
Result: false

Funktionen für Dauer, Datum und Uhrzeit

Komponentenextraktionsfunktionen für Dauer, Datum und Uhrzeit

Name Description
fn:dateTime(date,time) Converts the arguments to a date and a time
fn:years-from-duration(datetimedur) Returns an integer that represents the years component in the canonical lexical representation of the value of the argument
fn:months-from-duration(datetimedur) Returns an integer that represents the months component in the canonical lexical representation of the value of the argument
fn:days-from-duration(datetimedur) Returns an integer that represents the days component in the canonical lexical representation of the value of the argument
fn:hours-from-duration(datetimedur) Returns an integer that represents the hours component in the canonical lexical representation of the value of the argument
fn:minutes-from-duration(datetimedur) Returns an integer that represents the minutes component in the canonical lexical representation of the value of the argument
fn:seconds-from-duration(datetimedur) Returns a decimal that represents the seconds component in the canonical lexical representation of the value of the argument
fn:year-from-dateTime(datetime) Returns an integer that represents the year component in the localized value of the argument

Example: year-from-dateTime(xs:dateTime("2005-01-10T12:30-04:10"))
Result: 2005

fn:month-from-dateTime(datetime) Returns an integer that represents the month component in the localized value of the argument

Example: month-from-dateTime(xs:dateTime("2005-01-10T12:30-04:10"))
Result: 01

fn:day-from-dateTime(datetime) Returns an integer that represents the day component in the localized value of the argument

Example: day-from-dateTime(xs:dateTime("2005-01-10T12:30-04:10"))
Result: 10

fn:hours-from-dateTime(datetime) Returns an integer that represents the hours component in the localized value of the argument

Example: hours-from-dateTime(xs:dateTime("2005-01-10T12:30-04:10"))
Result: 12

fn:minutes-from-dateTime(datetime) Returns an integer that represents the minutes component in the localized value of the argument

Example: minutes-from-dateTime(xs:dateTime("2005-01-10T12:30-04:10"))
Result: 30

fn:seconds-from-dateTime(datetime) Returns a decimal that represents the seconds component in the localized value of the argument

Example: seconds-from-dateTime(xs:dateTime("2005-01-10T12:30:00-04:10"))
Result: 0

fn:timezone-from-dateTime(datetime) Returns the time zone component of the argument if any
fn:year-from-date(date) Returns an integer that represents the year in the localized value of the argument

Example: year-from-date(xs:date("2005-04-23"))
Result: 2005

fn:month-from-date(date) Returns an integer that represents the month in the localized value of the argument

Example: month-from-date(xs:date("2005-04-23"))
Result: 4

fn:day-from-date(date) Returns an integer that represents the day in the localized value of the argument

Example: day-from-date(xs:date("2005-04-23"))
Result: 23

fn:timezone-from-date(date) Returns the time zone component of the argument if any
fn:hours-from-time(time) Returns an integer that represents the hours component in the localized value of the argument

Example: hours-from-time(xs:time("10:22:00"))
Result: 10

fn:minutes-from-time(time) Returns an integer that represents the minutes component in the localized value of the argument

Example: minutes-from-time(xs:time("10:22:00"))
Result: 22

fn:seconds-from-time(time) Returns an integer that represents the seconds component in the localized value of the argument

Example: seconds-from-time(xs:time("10:22:00"))
Result: 0

fn:timezone-from-time(time) Returns the time zone component of the argument if any
fn:adjust-dateTime-to-timezone(datetime,timezone) If the timezone argument is empty, it returns a dateTime without a timezone. Otherwise, it returns a dateTime with a timezone
fn:adjust-date-to-timezone(date,timezone) If the timezone argument is empty, it returns a date without a timezone. Otherwise, it returns a date with a timezone
fn:adjust-time-to-timezone(time,timezone) If the timezone argument is empty, it returns a time without a timezone. Otherwise, it returns a time with a timezone

Auf QNames bezogene Funktionen

Name Description
fn:QName()  
fn:local-name-from-QName()  
fn:namespace-uri-from-QName()  
fn:namespace-uri-for-prefix()  
fn:in-scope-prefixes()  
fn:resolve-QName()  

Funktionen auf Knoten

Name Description
fn:name()
fn:name(nodeset)
Returns the name of the current node or the first node in the specified node set
fn:local-name()
fn:local-name(nodeset)
Returns the name of the current node or the first node in the specified node set - without the namespace prefix
fn:namespace-uri()
fn:namespace-uri(nodeset)
Returns the namespace URI of the current node or the first node in the specified node set
fn:lang(lang) Returns true if the language of the current node matches the language of the specified language

Example: Lang("en") is true for
<p xml:lang="en">...</p>

Example: Lang("de") is false for
<p xml:lang="en">...</p>

fn:root()
fn:root(node)
Returns the root of the tree to which the current node or the specified belongs. This will usually be a document node

Funktionen auf Sequenzen

Allgemeine Funktionen für Sequenzen

Name Description
fn:index-of((item,item,...),searchitem) Returns the positions within the sequence of items that are equal to the searchitem argument

Example: index-of ((15, 40, 25, 40, 10), 40)
Result: (2, 4)

Example: index-of (("a", "dog", "and", "a", "duck"), "a")
Result (1, 4)

Example: index-of ((15, 40, 25, 40, 10), 18)
Result: ()

fn:remove((item,item,...),position) Returns a new sequence constructed from the value of the item arguments - with the item specified by the position argument removed

Example: remove(("ab", "cd", "ef"), 0)
Result: ("ab", "cd", "ef")

Example: remove(("ab", "cd", "ef"), 1)
Result: ("cd", "ef")

Example: remove(("ab", "cd", "ef"), 4)
Result: ("ab", "cd", "ef")

fn:empty(item,item,...) Returns true if the value of the arguments IS an empty sequence, otherwise it returns false

Example: empty(remove(("ab", "cd"), 1))
Result: false

fn:exists(item,item,...) Returns true if the value of the arguments IS NOT an empty sequence, otherwise it returns false

Example: exists(remove(("ab"), 1))
Result: false

fn:distinct-values((item,item,...),collation) Returns only distinct (different) values

Example: distinct-values((1, 2, 3, 1, 2))
Result: (1, 2, 3)

fn:insert-before((item,item,...),pos,inserts) Returns a new sequence constructed from the value of the item arguments - with the value of the inserts argument inserted in the position specified by the pos argument

Example: insert-before(("ab", "cd"), 0, "gh")
Result: ("gh", "ab", "cd")

Example: insert-before(("ab", "cd"), 1, "gh")
Result: ("gh", "ab", "cd")

Example: insert-before(("ab", "cd"), 2, "gh")
Result: ("ab", "gh", "cd")

Example: insert-before(("ab", "cd"), 5, "gh")
Result: ("ab", "cd", "gh")

fn:reverse((item,item,...)) Returns the reversed order of the items specified

Example: reverse(("ab", "cd", "ef"))
Result: ("ef", "cd", "ab")

Example: reverse(("ab"))
Result: ("ab")

fn:subsequence((item,item,...),start,len) Returns a sequence of items from the position specified by the start argument and continuing for the number of items specified by the len argument. The first item is located at position 1

Example: subsequence(($item1, $item2, $item3,...), 3)
Result: ($item3, ...)

Example: subsequence(($item1, $item2, $item3, ...), 2, 2)
Result: ($item2, $item3)

fn:unordered((item,item,...)) Returns the items in an implementation dependent order

Funktionen, die die Kardinalität von Folgen testen

Name Description
fn:zero-or-one(item,item,...) Returns the argument if it contains zero or one items, otherwise it raises an error
fn:one-or-more(item,item,...) Returns the argument if it contains one or more items, otherwise it raises an error
fn:exactly-one(item,item,...) Returns the argument if it contains exactly one item, otherwise it raises an error

Equals, Union, Intersection und Except

Name Description
fn:deep-equal(param1,param2,collation) Returns true if param1 and param2 are deep-equal to each other, otherwise it returns false

Aggregatfunktionen

Name Description
fn:count((item,item,...)) Returns the count of nodes
fn:avg((arg,arg,...)) Returns the average of the argument values

Example: avg((1,2,3))
Result: 2

fn:max((arg,arg,...)) Returns the argument that is greater than the others

Example: max((1,2,3))
Result: 3

Example: max(('a', 'k'))
Result: 'k'

fn:min((arg,arg,...)) Returns the argument that is less than the others

Example: min((1,2,3))
Result: 1

Example: min(('a', 'k'))
Result: 'a'

fn:sum(arg,arg,...) Returns the sum of the numeric value of each node in the specified node-set

Funktionen, die Sequenzen erzeugen

Name Description
fn:id((string,string,...),node) Returns a sequence of element nodes that have an ID value equal to the value of one or more of the values specified in the string argument
fn:idref((string,string,...),node) Returns a sequence of element or attribute nodes that have an IDREF value equal to the value of one or more of the values specified in the string argument
fn:doc(URI)  
fn:doc-available(URI) Returns true if the doc() function returns a document node, otherwise it returns false
fn:collection()
fn:collection(string)
 

Kontextfunktionen

Name Description
fn:position() Returns the index position of the node that is currently being processed

Example: //book[position()<=3]
Result: Selects the first three book elements

fn:last() Returns the number of items in the processed node list

Example: //book[last()]
Result: Selects the last book element

fn:current-dateTime() Returns the current dateTime (with timezone)
fn:current-date() Returns the current date (with timezone)
fn:current-time() Returns the current time (with timezone)
fn:implicit-timezone() Returns the value of the implicit timezone
fn:default-collation() Returns the value of the default collation
fn:static-base-uri() Returns the value of the base-uri

XSLT-Funktionen

Darüber hinaus gibt es die folgenden eingebauten XSLT-Funktionen:

Name Description
current() Returns the current node
document() Used to access the nodes in an external XML document
element-available() Tests whether the element specified is supported by the XSLT processor
format-number() Converts a number into a string
function-available() Tests whether the function specified is supported by the XSLT processor
generate-id() Returns a string value that uniquely identifies a specified node
key() Returns a node-set using the index specified by an <xsl:key> element
system-property() Returns the value of the system properties
unparsed-entity-uri() Returns the URI of an unparsed entity